HFF Blog – Further Investigation of Marine Archaeology Heritage in known ancient harbours of the North Cyprus Coast’

Dr Muge Sevketoglu and Dr Ian Hanson

13-11-22

This project built upon HFF grants of 2018-19 further defining threats to marine archaeology. Six designated locations related to ancient harbours were assessed, all impacted by development, recreational diving (criminal and irresponsible behaviour), or natural erosion. Three additional sites under imminent threat were also assessed.

The recorded underwater heritage is being assessed for protection and a report is submitted to declare such sites as scheduled monument under the domestic legal framework. In 2019, for the first time, heritage underwater has been declared protected.

Potential wrecks and consistent distribution of anchors and amphora demonstrate heavy use of the coastline for ancient harbourage and trade. A previously protected hieroglyphic anchor (under conservation), part of a stele, dates to the reign of Pharoah Thutmose III (1479 to 1425 BC).

Shore instillations demonstrate classical harbours were impacted by climate and geological change. Such as parts of ancient Salamis including a cemetery, buildings and jetties or wharfs are now submerged. At Aphrodision, Akanthou, jetties are now above the waterline, recorded in a massive surviving archaeological section.

A new wave of development is causing great destruction at and around the sites of Macaria/Moulos and coastline of Pergaminiotissa church and archaeological site. However, developers do not notify the local authorities such as “Antiquities Department” and construction proceeds without permits, causing widespread destruction. This project besides documenting irreplaceable legacy and securing their legal protection in situ, also aiding local archaeologists in court, suspending marina, and building complexes constructions.